Heredity and Evolution
- Heredity is the transfer of biological characters from one generation to another via genes.
- Gregor Johann Mendel is pioneer of the modern genetics.
- In 1901, the reasons behind the sudden changes were understood due to the mutational theory of Hugo de Vries.
- Meanwhile in 1902, Walter Sutton observed the paired chromosomes in the cells of grasshopper; until then it was not known to anyone.
- Genes are carried via chromosomes.
- Through which 1944, trio of scientists Oswald Avery, Mclyn McCarty and Colin McLeod proved that except viruses, all living organisms have DNA as genetic material.
- In 1961, the French geneticists Francois Jacob and Jack Monod proposed a model for process of protein synthesis with the help of DNA in bacterial cells.
- It helped to uncover the genetic codes hidden in DNA.
- The science of heredity is useful for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of hereditary disorders, production of hybrid varieties of animals and plants and in industrial processes in which microbes are used.
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